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William St Lawrence, 14th Baron Howth (1688-1748) was an Irish peer and politician, who enjoyed the friendship of Jonathan Swift. He was the eldest of the five sons of Thomas St Lawrence, 13th Baron Howth and his wife Mary Barnewall, daughter of the 2nd Viscount Barnewall of Kingsland.〔Pine, L.G. ''The New Extinct Peerage'' London 1972 p.152〕 He lived for part of each year in Howth Castle, but spent much of his time at Kilfane House near Thomastown, County Kilkenny, where he could indulge his passion for sport .〔Ball, F. Elrington ''History of Dublin'' Vol. 5 "Howth and its Owners" University Press Dublin 1917 p. 135〕 He sat in the Irish House of Commons as MP for Ratoath between 1716 and 1727. He was regarded as a man of shrewd political judgement, and became a member of the Privy Council of Ireland in 1739.〔Pine p.152〕 Shortly after succeeding to the title he married Lucy Gorges, daughter of General Richard Gorges and his wife Nichola Hamilton, a girl many years his junior.〔Ball p.136〕 They had two sons, of whom the elder was Thomas St Lawrence, 1st Earl of Howth, and one daughter. The marriage led to a friendship between Lord Howth and Jonathan Swift, who greatly admired Lady Howth, whom he called "my blue-eyed nymph".〔Ball p.136〕 Swift became a regular visitor to Howth Castle, exchanged numerous letters with Lord Howth, and at Howth's request had his portrait painted by Francis Bindon.〔Ball p.136〕 Scandal and tragedy hit the St Lawrence family in 1736. While the Howths were at Kilfane, a cousin called Miss Barford, and her friend Miss Hawley, who were staying with them, were killed in a carriage accident.〔Ball p.139〕 When news of the tragedy reached Dublin, it led in a rather obscure fashion to a violent quarrel between Lord Howth's brother, Henry St Lawrence, and Lady Howth's brother, Hamilton Gorges.〔Elrington Ball says that the immediate cause was a disparaging remark by Gorges about another St Lawrence relative, Mary Rice- ''History of Dublin'' p.140.〕 St Lawrence challenged Gorges to a duel in which Gorges killed him. Gorges was tried for murder but acquitted,〔Ball p.140〕 the jury, as almost always in such cases, accepting his plea that he had acted in self-defence.〔In the eyes of the law to kill a man in a duel was murder, but juries in the eighteenth century almost always acquitted, the popular feeling being that a duel was the proper way for gentlemen to settle a quarrel- Fleming, Thomas '' Duel'' Basic Books 1999.〕 Elrington Ball describes William as a man of considerable gifts, keen insight and a humorous disposition, but far too fond of his own pleasure. He was a keen sportsman and a heavy drinker. At the same time he took a strong interest in improving agriculture, and as his last will shows, was notably charitable to the poor.〔Ball p.138〕 He died on 4 April 1748 and was succeeded in the title by his elder son, Thomas, who was created 1st Earl of Howth in 1767.〔Pine p.152〕 His widow remarried Nicholas Weldon.〔Pine p.152〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William St Lawrence, 14th Baron Howth」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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